Title : Gum odina prebiotics: An emerging gut modulating approach in the preventing chronic non communicable diseases
Abstract:
Colitis is a multifaceted disease which is a global threat in the present times. It is hypothesised that novel prebiotics like Gum Odina (GO) are emerging as preventive therapy to combat chronic gut diseases due to their ease of incorporation into diet and established health benefits. The study illustrates the efficacy of GO in preventing dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice and compares the results with Inulin (IN). A similar colorectal cancer study using 1, 2- dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) was also performed. Mice were grouped into Control, DSS, GO, and IN. Apart from the control, mice from other groups were administered with 2 % DSS orally. GO and IN were also fed to the respective groups for 28 days. The reduction in body weight, colon length, mucosal dysplasia and disease activity index were found less in GO compared to DSS. CD8+ T cell population were reduced in GO (10.28 ± .09 %) when compared to DSS (30.03 ± .23 %) and IN (15.25 ± .25). GO increased the release of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and reduced TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-12 along with downregulation of iNOS expression in the colon. The CRC study revealed that the administration of DMH also caused oxidative burst as the levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation significantly increased (p < 0.05) but reduced by 29.35% and 27.65%, respectively, in the GO group. Moreover, the levels of glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the colonic tissues significantly increased (p < 0.05) by 31.26%, 10.96%, 12.4% and 6.37%, respectively, when compared to IN, a standard prebiotic. Next-generation sequencing data revealed the stool sample of colitis patient was dominated by Prevotella sp. along with other pathogenic bacteria. An increase in the diversity of gut bacteria and the abundance of commensal bacteria like Lactobacillus sp. and Enterococcus sp. was observed when the stool sample of a colitis patient was cultured in the gut simulator and GO was added into the feed. GO, upon utilization by probiotics, liberates short-chain fatty acids, acetic acid (0.864 0.050 mg ml-1) and butyric acid (2.303 0.083 mg ml-1) predominantly and increases colonization of Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium sp. in a gut simulator.Thus, GO alleviate intestinal damage and slows colitis progression.
Audience take away:
- The work presented is based on two principal research theme
1.Public health and well being
2. High value manufacturing
- The work describes the developmental process of a natural product towards prebiotic and compares the results with that of marketed prebiotics.Thus allowing future collaborations
- The work encompasses chemical, instrumental approaches as well as cutting edge microbiology, molecular biology studies along with next generation sequencing, which all can be transferred to the audience attending the coference.
