Screening the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) Pandemic Response Box chemical library on Caenorhabditis elegans identifies re-profiled candidate anthelmintic drug leads

Title : Screening the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) Pandemic Response Box chemical library on Caenorhabditis elegans identifies re-profiled candidate anthelmintic drug leads

Abstract:

The 3 major classes of soil transmitted helminths (whipworm, hookworm and Ascaris) affect 1.5 billion people worldwide mostly in poor countries, where they have adverse effects on child development, nutrition, and the work capacity of adults. Although there are drugs effective on Ascaris, notably the benzimidazoles, those same drugs show poor efficacy particularly against whipworm (Trichuris trichiura) and to a certain extent hookworm¹. Parasitic nematodes also infect farm livestock and companion animals. Resistance to currently deployed human and veterinary anthelmintic drugs is a growing problem. Therefore, new chemical anthelmintic lead compounds are urgently needed. One of the fastest routes to a novel therapeutic lead is to screen libraries of drugs which are either already approved for human use or have already been part of clinical trials. We have pursued this approach to anthelmintic lead discovery using an invertebrate automated phenotyping platform (INVAPP) for screening chemicals and the well-established nematode genetic model organism Caenorhabditis elegans². The 400 compound Medicines for Malaria Pandemic Response Box library³ was screened with each compound tested initially at 1.0 x 10-4 M. We identified 6 compounds (MMV1593515 (vorapaxar), MMV102270 (diphyllin), MMV1581032 (ABX464), MMV1580796 (rubitecan), MMV1580505 and MMV1593531) active in both an L1-L4 growth / motility assay and in an L4 motility assay. For vorapaxar, an EC50 of 5.7 x 10-7 M was observed, a value comparable to some commercial anthelmintics. Although not a parasite, the ease with which high-throughput screens can be pursued on the free-living nematode C. elegans makes this a useful approach to identify chemical leads and complement the often lower-throughput experiments on parasitic nematode models⁴.

Audience take away:

1. The global burden of soil-transmitted helminths and the urgent need for effective anthelmintic drugs.
2. The use of high-throughput screening of drug libraries for anthelmintic lead discovery.
3. The identification of six compounds, including vorapaxar, which showed activity against soil-transmitted helminths, particularly whipworm.
4. The potential of using the free-living nematode C. elegans as a model organism for high-throughput screening.

Biography:

Ms Marina Nick is studying in the final year of Division of Medicine PhD under supervision of Professor David B Sattelle at University College London University (UCL), London, UK. She collaborates with Professor Else and Dr Forman of Manchester university, Professor Russell and Dr Bataille of Oxford University, Dr Partridge of university of Westminster.
She has published 3 paper and the abstract presented here is part of the other paper which will be published soon.
She studied physiology and pharmacology at University of Westminster, London, UK before getting her Medical Genetics and Genomes MSc at Oxford Brooks University, Oxford, UK.