Factors associated with non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment among adult contacts of pulmonary TB cases with latent TB infection in Spain

Title : Factors associated with non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment among adult contacts of pulmonary TB cases with latent TB infection in Spain

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment among contacts with latent TB infection for new cases of pulmonary TB cases reported in Catalonia in 2019–2021. All contacts aged 18 years or older with a latent TB infection who received a TB preventive treatment were included in the study. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to detect the independent factors associated with TB preventive treatment non-adherence; a p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The percentage of non-adherence to TB preventive treatment found in this study was 23.7%. A multivariable logistic regression analysis determined that the following factors were significantly associated with TB preventive treatment non-adherence among adult contacts: “exposure at school or workplace” (aOR = 3.34), “exposure to an index case without laboratory confirmation of TB” (aOR = 2.07), “immigrant contact” (aOR = 1.81), “male gender” (aOR = 1.75) and “exposure duration < 6 h per week or sporadic” (aOR = 1.60. By contrast, the factor “short-term TB preventive treatment regimen” (aOR = 0.38) was significantly associated with a lower treatment non-adherence. Adherence to TB preventive treatment should be improved among adult contacts of TB pulmonary cases with latent TB infection by recommending short-term treatment regimens and by developing health education activities, with a greater focus on contacts with factors associated with treatment non-adherence.

Biography:

Pedro Plans-Rubió has been Responsible for Health Registries, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Health Department of Catalonia, Spain. He received his MD from the School of Medicine, University of Barcelona; his PhD from the School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, his MSc in Health Economics from the School of Economics, University of Barcelona, and his MSc in Design of clinical and epidemiological studies from the School of Medicine, University of Barcelona. Specialist in Preventive Medicine and Public Health. Specialist in Labor Medicine. Member of the research group CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. He has published more than 100 articles in scientific journals on the epidemiology of infectious diseases, epidemiology of risk factors for chronic diseases and for infectious diseases, seroepidemiology, cost-effectiveness analysis of medicines and health programs, vaccination programs, and health policy. He has published more than 100 articles in scientific journals. He has published the book “Application of the cost-effectiveness of medicines and health programs in the health planning”, Elsevier, 2015. Editor-in Chief of Section “Vaccine Efficacy and Safety” of the journal Vaccines and Editor of several Special Issues of the journal Vaccines. Member of the Editorial Board of the journals Pharmacoeconomics Open.