Title : Exploring the antibacterial efficacy of adam series compounds against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates
Abstract:
Antibiotics significantly reducing morbidity and mortality from bacterial infections. The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a pressing global health, endangering the effectiveness of our most potent antibiotics. This study investigates the antibacterial efficacy of the Adam series compounds against multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates.
E. coli, S. enterica, S. marcescens, S. pneumoniae, B. cereus, and S. pyogenies were among the bacteria used in this investigation. Bactericidal tests were carried out to assess the potency of novel compounds against selected bacteria. We selected Gram negative and Gram-positive bacteria were tested with compounds at various concentrations, to assess their 50% inhibitory concentration (MIC50). HBEC-5i cells were obtained from the Adexbio and cultured in RPMI. At around 80 to 90 percent cell confluence. The cell cytotoxicity potential of Adam series was performed using Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays procedure against HBEC-5i cells.
All Adam series compounds exhibited considerable bactericidal effects against MDR clinical isolates, with exceptions noted for Adam 11S and Adam 16S against S. pneumoniae. Adam 10S displayed the highest antibacterial activity, eliminating 70% of bacteria, while Adam 17S and Adam 11S eliminated 50% and 35% of S. pneumoniae, respectively. Against S. pyogenes, all tested compounds demonstrated exceptional bactericidal activity, with Adam 1S exhibiting complete bacterial eradication and Adam 16S displaying an 84% killing effect. Similarly, significant antibacterial properties were observed against B. cereus, with Adam 1S achieving 100% bacterial elimination. Remarkable bactericidal effects were also noted against S. marcescens, E. coli K1, and S. enterica. MIC50 analysis revealed potent antibacterial activity of the compounds against S. marcescens and S. pyogenes. Additionally, lactate dehydrogenase assays indicated minimal cytotoxicity of the compounds on human microvascular endothelial cells, with Adam 10S, Adam 11S, Adam 16S, and Adam 17S demonstrating less than 20% cytotoxicity, while Adam 1S exhibited 32% cytotoxic effects against human cells.
These findings highlight the promising antibacterial efficacy and low cytotoxicity profile of the Adam series compounds, suggesting their potential for further development as therapeutic agents against drug-resistant bacterial infections.
