Changes in temperature, rainfall and humidity due to global warming affect mosquito-borne disease transmission. However, coastal areas are also influenced by the expansion of brackish water mosquito habitats as a result of global warming leading to higher sea levels. Typical fres [....] » Read More
The genetic diversity and allele frequencies of MSP-1, MSP-2 and glutamtew rich protein of P. falciparum and consequence on malaria control was investigated in some parts of Cross River State, Nigeria. A total of 230 finger prick samples of blood were examined for the presence of [....] » Read More
Virologic-immunologic failure and virologic-immunologic discordance are vital for predicting clinical outcomes. In HIV-infected people, the CD4+ T lymphocyte count (CD4) and HIV viral load were used to track and assess the treatment response of antiretroviral therapy (ART). The o [....] » Read More
Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of malaria in Trinidad and Tobago from 1997 to 2019 and to make recommendations for prevention and control on a background of migration and climate change. Study design: A retrospective review of surveill [....] » Read More
Statement of the Problem: Pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of death in children worldwide, accounting for 15% of all deaths in children under the age of five. Hypoxemia is a major cause of death in patients suffering from pneumonia. There is strong evidence that using pu [....] » Read More
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a substantial public health challenge, yet the economic burden of non-hepatic non-communicable diseases (NHNCDs) caused by HBV remains unquantified. We aim to quantify macroeconomic losses of NHNCDs attributable to HBV on a glob [....] » Read More
Background. Biofilm-related infections are most often characterized by low susceptibility to treatment due to the difficulty of antibiotics penetration into the biofilm. This fact repeatedly increases the level of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In turn, the spread of AMR signifi [....] » Read More
Background: To examine the COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy level and influencing factors among parents of children aged 5–17 years residing in San Juan City. Results determined parental concerns and identified effective measures for health education. Objectives: To determ [....] » Read More
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a highly contagious and severe infectious disease of cattle that is listed as a notifiable disease of cattle by the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), which can lead to severe losses of cattle. Recently in the year 2022, two d [....] » Read More
Background: Snakebite envenoming has been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the highest priority neglected tropical diseases. Globally, snakebite results in a significant burden of illness, including the Philippines. Snake venom is composed of various to [....] » Read More
Sepsis has high morbidity and mortality, and continues to be a focus of innovation and improvement internationally. Blood cultures are the single most important microbiological diagnostic tool in the septic patient. Recent guidance produced by NHS England has highlighted th [....] » Read More
Title : The role of the humoral innate immune system in evasion of streptococcus pyogenes infections
Francis J. Castellino, University of Notre Dame, United States
The human innate immune system plays a central role in controlling the virulence of Streptococcal pyogenes (GAS) infections. Important participants of the humoral response to these infections are the coagulation, complement, and inflammatory systems. GAS responds to h [....] » Read More
Title : 2000 years of pandemics: Past, present and future
Claudia Ferreira, Biophytis Sorbonne, France
A pandemic is considered as an outbreak of a disease occurring over a wide geographic area, crossing national borders, and affecting a high proportion of the world. During the 1st millennium AD, three main pandemics emerged. The Antonine Plague (165-190 AD), caused by hemorrhagic [....] » Read More
Title : Current topics of adult COVID-19, Influenza, and RS virus patients in Japan
Seki Masafumi, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Japan
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a pathogenic respiratory virus that is considered to affect not only children but also adults, especially elderly persons aged ≥65 years. However, in Japan, the annual epidemic situation and severity of RSV infections in these a [....] » Read More
Title : Risk factors of mortality and development of a scoring system for predicting mortality among patients with leptospirosis
Goutham Krishna T.C, Government Medical College, India
Background Leptospirosis, a potentially fatal zoonotic infection, has been on the rise in Kerala, India particularly among individuals involved in water-related occupations and activities. With increasing incidence and mortality rates, there is an urgent need to identify key r [....] » Read More
Title : Latin America and the Caribbean consortium: Connecting excellence to enhance the skills base of local research teams in emerging infectious diseases
Fernando Rubinstein, Instituto de Efectividad Clinica y Sanitaria, Argentina
Introduction: To respond to the emerging Zika outbreak, a community of practice (CoP) was created to provide support to implement high-quality, coherent research in affected communities in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The achievements of this CoP laid the groundwork for [....] » Read More
Title : Laparoscopic heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication in an elderly male patient with achalasia and coexisting miliary tuberculosis: A case report
Abraham P. Bayan , Capitol Medical Center, Philippines
Background: This case report aims to present the applicability and safety of laparoscopic Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication in an elderly male patient with achalasia and coexisting military tuberculosis. Although the exact cause of achalasia has not been determined, the [....] » Read More
Title : Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokine profile among different stages of COVID-19 infection
Gaurav Gupta, AIIMS, India
Aim: to characterize Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokine profile (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-?, and IL-17A) among different stages of COVID-19 infection. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which included 6 healthy individuals and 68 patients who were admitted with COVI [....] » Read More
Title : Universal PCR assays to detect Candida FKS and ERG11 mutations
Cheung Yuk Yam, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong
The emergence of antifungal resistance in Candida species presents significant challenges in managing infections, particularly among immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to develop rapid molecular assays for detecting mutations in the FKS genes across four clinically sign [....] » Read More
Title : Foot-and-mouth disease virus antigenic landscape and reduced immunogenicity elucidated in atomic detail
Michiel Harmsen, Wageningen University and Research, Netherlands
Unlike most other picornaviruses, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) intact virions (146S) dissociate easily into small pentameric subunits (12S). This causes a dramatically reduced protective efficacy of vaccines based on authentic FMDV particles. Although this has been observed for d [....] » Read More
Title : Addressing the intersection of long Covid, inflammation, and cancer in the public health care sector of South Africa
Kyrtania Pather, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), has emerged as a significant public health concern globally. Characterized by persistent symptoms such as fatigue, chronic inflammation, and immune dysregulation, Long COVID is believed to increase the risk of non [....] » Read More
Title : Effect of glutathione on antibiotic susceptibility and resistance in bacteria
Dong H Kwon, Long Island University, United States
Infections with antibiotic resistance are associated with millions of deaths annually and are a significant healthcare challenge. A new antibiotic or strategy is an urgent priority to reduce antibiotic resistance. Glutathione (GSH) is a biogenic thiol compound for an optimal intr [....] » Read More
Title : A cohort study of the spectrum of coagulopathy in acute sepsis and its correlation with physiological scores and outcome
Aishwarya Vyas, SMS Medical College, India
Purpose: To evaluate the spectrum of coagulopathy in acute sepsis and to correlate it with sequential physiological scores (SOFA & APACHE II) and compare the findings among survivors and non-survivors. Design: Prospective cohort Methods: It is a prospective [....] » Read More
Title : Reducing caesarean section surgical site infection rate in a tertiary care hospital in India: A quality improvement initiative
Arya S Kumar, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, India
Introduction: Surgical Site Infections (SSI) are a significant healthcare concern, particularly in patients undergoing clean Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) surgeries. SSIs can lead to severe complications, extended hospital stays, and increased healthcare costs. Object [....] » Read More
Title : IPC capacity building- Orientation training for COVID-19 preparedness and IPC for healthcare facilities
Arya S Kumar, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, India
Introduction: Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) is crucial in healthcare settings, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to enhance IPC practices across various healthcare facilities in Kerala, India, marking the first multicenter initiative of its [....] » Read More
Title : A single center retrospective study on the incidence and clinical outcomes of patients infected with Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC)-producing klebsiella pneumoniae
Kevin Cezar A. Estacio, Dr. Paulino J. Garcia Memorial Research Medical Center, Philippines
Introduction: Currently, one of the most significant nosocomial pathogens is Klebsiella pneumoniae strains that produce carbapenemase, in fact it is one of the most prevalent carbapenemase genes worldwide. Its rise also become a major global public health concern, and the best c [....] » Read More
Title : Incidence of acute pancreatitis among patients with moderate to severe leptospirosis and its clinical outcomes: A single center retrospective study in a tertiary hospital
Karizza Angeles, Dr. Paulino J. Garcia Memorial Research Medical Center, Philippines
Introduction: Acute pancreatitis is considered as an uncommon complication of leptospirosis. However, literatures suggested that this condition still occurs among leptospirosis patients. This study aims to determine the incidence of acute pancreatitis in moderate to sever [....] » Read More
Title : Overlooked possible menace to life also known as PML
Alejandro Carmona Casillas, University of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico
Introduction: Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a relatively rare manifestation of immunosuppressed patients due to medication or diseases such as HIV/AIDS. PML arises from the reactivation of the human polyomavirus, more commonly known as JC viru [....] » Read More
Title : Conservative management of paediatric atypical necrotising cervical lymphadenitis: A case report
Tapan Parikh, Oxford NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Introduction: This case report describes the presentation, investigation, and non-surgical management of an unusual case of unilateral necrotising cervical lymphadenitis. A two-year-old girl had a three-month history of left-sided submandibular swelling which was managed by her l [....] » Read More
Title : Prevalence and determinants of acute stress disorder among COVID-19 survivors during the pandemic’s final phase: a cross-sectional study in seven major Chinese cities
Ziying Yang, Sun Yat-sen University, China
Background: Acute stress disorder (ASD) is commonly observed among individuals who have been infected with COVID-19 (PEIC) and may progress to post-traumatic stress disorder. Following the relaxation of COVID-19 control measures in China during November/December 2022, the infecti [....] » Read More
Title : Exploring the antibacterial efficacy of adam series compounds against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates
Balsam Qubais Saeed, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Antibiotics significantly reducing morbidity and mortality from bacterial infections. The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a pressing global health, endangering the effectiveness of our most potent antibiotics. This study investigates the antibacterial efficacy [....] » Read More
Title : Improving sepsis care in rural hospitals through education and compliance
Debra Hawkins, University of Oklahoma, United States
This quality improvement (QI) project aims to enhance sepsis management in a rural hospital system facing challenges due to limited resources and lack of specialized training. Sepsis, a critical global health issue, poses unique challenges in rural settings where timely identific [....] » Read More