Fungal Keratitis

Fungal keratitis is a serious corneal infection that can lead to vision impairment if not promptly diagnosed and treated. It is commonly caused by filamentous fungi such as Fusarium and Aspergillus, as well as yeasts like Candida. This condition often occurs following corneal trauma, contact lens use, or in individuals with compromised ocular surfaces. Symptoms include eye pain, redness, blurred vision, and photophobia. Diagnosis of fungal keratitis involves a detailed clinical examination, corneal scraping for microscopy and culture, and sometimes molecular diagnostic techniques. The corneal ulcers resulting from fungal infections can progress rapidly, leading to corneal melting and perforation. Treatment typically includes antifungal medications such as voriconazole, natamycin, or amphotericin B, either topically or systemically, depending on the severity and depth of the infection. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to manage complications and prevent further damage. Prevention strategies for fungal keratitis include proper contact lens hygiene, avoiding trauma to the cornea, and addressing risk factors like ocular surface diseases. Timely and appropriate management is crucial to minimize the risk of visual impairment and long-term complications associated with fungal keratitis.